RWSSP of the month—St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge!

The Red Wolf Species Survival Plan (RWSSP) is the foundation of the Red Wolf Recovery Program. To let people know what’s happening throughout the program through, we are continuing to feature different RWSSP locations.  The RWSSP of the month is St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge (SVNWR) along the Gulf coast of northwest Florida.  The 12,490-acre refuge includes two islands: St. Vincent Island and Pig Island, and a mainland tract.  It is managed together with St. Marks National Wildlife Refuge as part of the North Florida Refuge Complex. 

Red wolf pair on SVNWR (trail camera photo)

As an additional strategy to propagate wild red wolf offspring for release, captive born breeding pairs were also relocated to several island propagation sites.  The wolves were released on the islands to live, hunt, breed, and raise their young in a natural environment.  Their offspring, having been raised “wild,” are relocated to the mainland reintroduction sites when they reach dispersal or reproductive age.  The concept being that wild-raised red wolves would be more likely to survive following release.  SVNWR began participating in the RWSSP in 1990, and is currently the only operational island propagation site for current (and future) wild populations. 

11729F captured by a trail camera.

There is one breeding pair currently on St. Vincent NWR. The breeding female 1729F was born on the island in 2007.  She was originally paired with a young male (1565M) born in the SSP facility in Chattanooga Arboretum and Nature Center (Chattanooga, TN), but did not produce puppies in the three breeding seasons they were together.  Recently, she was assessed by veterinarians and determined reproductively fit.  The male was transferred to Wolf Conservation Center (South Salem , NY) and a new mate, 1804M, arrived in December 2013 (born in 2010) via Lighthawk.  They have been together in an acclimation pen on the island for 2 months and will be released next week!

The animals at SVNWR are critical in the success of the RWSSP component of the red wolf recovery program. In addition to supplementing population numbers, this also augments the wild red wolf gene pool with under-presented genes, increasing genetic diversity and reducing inbreeding and subsequent potential fitness impacts.

Please visit their website or Facebook page for more information!

RWSSP of the month—Tallahassee Museum

The Red Wolf Species Survival Plan (RWSSP) is the foundation of the Red Wolf Recovery Program. To let people know what’s happening throughout the program through, we are continuing to feature different RWSSP locations.  The RWSSP of the month is the Tallahassee Museum  in Tallahassee, Florida. The Museum was first conceived in 1957 as the Tallahassee Junior Museum, but moved to its current 52-acre location in 1962 between Lake Bradford and Lake Hiawatha.  The museum has many diverse exhibits including Big Bend Farm, which is dedicated to the re-creation of rural life in north Florida around 1880 complete with a grist mill and turpentine commissary.  The Old Florida section of the museum includes the 19^th century Bellevue Plantation (once the home of Catherine Murat, a relative of George Washington, and wife of Napoleon Bonaparte's nephew), the 1937 Bethlehem Missionary Baptist Church, and the 1890s Concord schoolhouse. A large part of the museum is devoted to Florida native habitats and wildlife including bobcats, black bears, white-tailed deer, and two endangered species: the Florida panther and red wolf.

Red wolf at Tallahassee Museum. Photo copyright: Stephen Nakatani.

Tallahassee Museum is currently home to four red wolves, females 1378 and 1786, and males 1359 and 1375. The museum first began participating in the RWSSP in February 1988, when red wolves 219 and 222 arrived from Point Defiance Zoo & Aquarium, (PDZA; Tacoma, WA).  222 must have not enjoyed the Florida heat, as she returned to PDZA in December 1988.  Female 303 was transferred from PDZA instead as a mate for 219. The pairing was successful, and 219 and 303 went on to serve very important roles in the Red Wolf Recovery Program.  After producing their first litter of three pups at the museum, the pair was transferred in January 1990 to nearby St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge to be the first red wolves at the then-newly established island propagation site.  Three months later, the pair produced two pups (one of which remained on the island, the other which spent time in the northeastern North Carolina wild population before returning to St. Vincent).  In 1991, the breeding pair 219 and 303 was transferred to the reintroduction area in the Great Smoky Mountains National Park.  

Over the years, more than 20 individual red wolves have spent time at the museum.  Additional litters were born there in 2003, including familiar female 1276 now at the Red Wolf Healthcare and Education Facility (Columbia, NC), and in 2005, including current resident 1786. In addition to endless contributions of successful breeding pairs and ongoing educational efforts, Tallahassee Museum also has assisted with the planning, logistics, and transfer of red wolves from other RWSSP facilities to nearby St. Vincent island propagation site.  This has occurred since the original breeding pair went to St. Vincent throughout the years to more recent efforts.  Mike Jones, Animal Curator at the museum, and staff played critical roles in assisting the recent transfer of male 1565 from St. Vincent to RWSSP site Wolf Conservation Center (South Salem, NY). Thank you!!

Please visit their website or Facebook page for more information!

How/where do I see a red wolf?

Photo Credit: John Froschauer

We’ve been receiving lots of inquiries about where to see a red wolf.  The wild, reintroduced population in northeastern North Carolina occupies over 1.7 million acres of the Red Wolf Recovery Area, over 60% of which is on private land. This distribution, together with the elusive nature of red wolves, can make them difficult to see in the wild.  However, if you want to take your chances, there are three national wildlife refuges within the Red Wolf Recovery Area that are open to the public: Alligator River, Pocosin Lakes, and Mattamuskeet National Wildlife Refuges.  Additionally, there is a small island population at St. Vincent National Wildlife Refuge in Florida. Alligator River also offers regular howling safari programs throughout the summer on Wednesdays.  For more information on the howling events, visit our website.  

There are also numerous educational and recreational events offered by the Red Wolf Coalition at the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's Red Wolf Education and Healthcare Facility in Columbia, North Carolina. Programs like Talk Like a Red Wolf, Red Wolf 101, or Red Wolf Kids are great for families or small groups interested in an introduction to red wolves, their lives and their conservation. Please visit the Red Wolf Coalition’s Calendar of Events site to learn more about the various events and the dates/times they are scheduled, and to reserve seats for your family or group.

The best way to see a red wolf is to visiting one of the more than 40 zoos and nature centers participating in the Red Wolf Species Survival Plan.  These facilities play a significant role in red wolf recovery by informing visitors about the value of wolves in ecosystems, inspiring the public to support the wolf's reestablishment in the wild, and allowing people to see red wolves close up.  To find a Red Wolf Species Survival Plan facility near you, check out the map below: